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Food Poisoning & Contamination: Information for Families

Each year, roughly 48 million people in the United States get food poisoning (also called foodborne illness). It happens when germs such as viruses, bacteria and parasites, or toxins (poisons) produced by them, get into the foods we eat.

These germs can contaminate food before you buy it or at home if the food is not handled or cooked properly. As a result, it can affect individual families or be part of a food recall or outbreak. Symptoms of food poisoning can include cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and sometimes fever. If your child and other people who have eaten the same food all have the same symptoms, the problem could be food poisoning.

Foods that commonly cause food poisoning include raw or undercooked food, processed meats, raw milk and other unpasteurized dairy, raw fruits and vegetables, raw seeds and sprouts and honey. Baby formula also can be contaminated and cause food poisoning.

Germs in Food

If your child has food poisoning

Most children with food-borne illnesses will get better on their own after a brief break from eating and drinking. Infants can tolerate 3 to 4 hours without food or liquids; older children, 6 to 8 hours.

If your child is still vomiting or their diarrhea has not decreased significantly during this time, call your pediatrician. Treatment depends on your child's condition and the type of food poisoning. If your child has signs of dehydration, it is important to replace the fluid they lost. Sometimes antibiotics are helpful if the type of bacteria is known.

There are ways to lower your risk of getting food poisoning. Talk with your pediatrician if you have any concerns about food poisoning, what to do if you notice symptoms, and ways to prevent foodborne illness.

More information

Last Updated
2/24/2025
Source
American Academy of Pediatrics (Copyright © 2025)
The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.
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