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Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease-Viral Rash

Definition

  • Tiny red spots and water blisters on the hands and feet caused by a virus
  • Rash is seen on the palms, fingers, soles and toes
  • The diagnosis cannot be made without these
  • Also can cause small mouth ulcers (sores)

Symptoms of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (HFMD)

  • Small red spots and tiny water blisters on the hands and feet. Seen on the palms, fingers, soles and toes.
  • The diagnosis cannot be made without these.
  • Small painful ulcers (sores) in the mouth. Look for them on the tongue and sides of mouth. Most children with HFMD have these, but they can be hard to see.
  • Also, small blisters or red spots on the buttocks (30%)
  • Low-grade fever less than 102° F (39° C)
  • Mainly occurs in children age 6 months to 4 years

Cause of HFMD

  • Coxsackie A-16 virus and other enteroviruses
  • Not related to any animal disease

Severe Form of HFMD

  • Since 2012, a severe form of HFMD has occurred in much of the world. It's caused by a new Coxsackie A6 virus.
  • The rash spreads to the arms, legs and face. The rash is made up of many small blisters.
  • Children with such a severe rash may need to be seen. Reason: to confirm the diagnosis. Exception: close contact with HFMD within the last 7 days.
  • Treatment is the same. Drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration.
  • Peeling of the fingers and toes is common. It looks bad but is harmless. It happens at 1 to 2 weeks. Use a moisturizing cream on the raw skin.
  • Some fingernails and toenails may fall off. It occurs in 4% of severe cases. It happens at 3 to 6 weeks out. Trim them if they catch on things.
  • Fingernails grow back by 3 to 6 months and toenails by 9 to 12 months. They will look normal.

Barton Schmitt MD, FAAP
Disclaimer: this health information is for educational purposes only. You, the reader, assume full responsibility for how you choose to use it.
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